PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Jason Schmelzle
AU  - Walter W. Rosser
AU  - Richard Birtwhistle
TI  - Update on pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies for smoking cessation
DP  - 2008 Jul 01
TA  - Canadian Family Physician
PG  - 994--999
VI  - 54
IP  - 7
4099  - http://www.cfp.ca/content/54/7/994.short
4100  - http://www.cfp.ca/content/54/7/994.full
SO  - Can Fam Physician2008 Jul 01; 54
AB  - OBJECTIVE To review the evidence on the efficacy and safety of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies for smoking cessation. QUALITY OF EVIDENCE MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched for randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews (level I evidence) pertinent to pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic smoking cessation therapies. MAIN MESSAGE Pharmacologic smoking cessation aids are recommended for all smokers trying to quit, unless contraindicated. A new pharmacologic smoking cessation aid, varenicline, is now available in Canada. Level I evidence at 1-year follow-up indicates that it is effective for smoking cessation. Adverse effects include nausea, insomnia, and abnormal dreaming. Nausea is mild or moderate and decreases over time. Varenicline is more effective than placebo or bupropion. Counseling also increases the likelihood of achieving cessation. CONCLUSION Preliminary data indicate that varenicline is more effective than other available pharmacologic smoking cessation aids. Pharmacologic therapy should be combined with nonpharmacologic therapy.