Pharmacologic targets of diet-derived phytochemicals
| TARGET | EXAMPLES | BEST FOOD SOURCES |
|---|---|---|
| Inhibition | ||
| Tumour invasion and metastasis | Epigallocatechin gallate | Green tea |
| Growth factor receptor–mediated signal transduction | Delphinidin, ellagic acid | Blueberries, raspberries, nuts |
| Inflammatory enzymes (eg, cyclooxygenase-2) | Curcumin, resveratrol | Turmeric, grapes |
| Transcription factor activity (eg, nuclear factor-κB, activator protein-1) | Curcumin, resveratrol | Turmeric, grapes |
| Multidrug resistance | Diallyl disulfide | Garlic |
| Angiogenesis | Epigallocatechin gallate | Green tea |
| Estrogenic actions | Genistein | Soy |
| Metabolic activation of carcinogens via phase I enzymes | Indole-3-carbinol | Cabbage |
| Activation | ||
| Tumour cell apoptosis | Phenethyl isothiocyanate | Cabbage, watercress |
| Immune system function | Lentinan | Shiitake mushrooms |
| Detoxification via phase II enzymes | Sulforaphane | Broccoli |