NAIL SIGN | COMMONLY ASSOCIATED SYSTEMIC DISEASE |
---|---|
Koilonychia (flat- and spoon-shaped nail plate) | Severe iron deficiency anemia |
Proximal splinter hemorrhages | Bacterial endocarditis Antiphospholipid syndrome Arterial emboli Thrombocytopenia Vasculitis Trichinosis |
Apparent leukonychia (white nails, the colour of which fades with pressure) | Half and half nails (white proximal half)
Terry nails
Muehrcke lines (multiple transverse whitish bands)
|
Ventral pterygium (adhesion of the distal nail plate to the hyponychium) | Scleroderma |
Clubbing (enlarged and excessively curved nail plate, causing more than 180° widening of the angle between the proximal nail fold and the nail plate) | If unilateral, neurologic (hemiplegia) and vascular disorders If bilateral, pulmonary, cardiac, gastrointestinal, infectious, and endocrine diseases |
Nail fold capillary abnormalities (reduced capillary density and avascular areas alternating with dilated capillary loops) | Dermatomyositis Scleroderma |