Substance use in pregnancy
| SUBSTANCE | SITE, N (%) | TOTAL COHORT, N (%) | P VALUE FOR DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SITES | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TORONTO | VANCOUVER (N = 36) | MONTREAL (N = 22) | |||
| At first visit* | |||||
| • Alcohol | 15 (34) | 7 (19) | 4 (18) | 26 (25) | .220 |
| • Nicotine | 35 (80) | 34 (94) | 20 (91) | 89 (87) | .142 |
| • Cocaine or crack | 14 (32) | 27 (75) | 4 (18) | 45 (44) | < .001† |
| • Heroin | 7 (16) | 29 (81) | 11 (50) | 47 (46) | < .001† |
| • Marijuana | 14 (32) | 3 (8) | 4 (18) | 21 (21) | .034† |
| • Benzodiazepines | 15 (34) | 6 (17) | 4 (18) | 25 (25) | .145 |
| • Prescription opioids | 21 (48) | 4 (11) | 3 (14) | 28 (27) | < .001† |
| At delivery‡ | |||||
| • Alcohol | 1 (3) | 2 (6) | 2 (9) | 5 (5) | .635 |
| • Nicotine | 23 (64) | 30 (83) | 19 (86) | 72 (77) | .070 |
| • Cocaine or crack | 4 (11) | 10 (28) | 4 (18) | 18 (19) | .184 |
| • Heroin | 1 (3) | 8 (22) | 6 (27) | 15 (16) | .010† |
| • Marijuana | 4 (11) | 2 (6) | 1 (4) | 7 (7) | .687 |
| • Benzodiazepines | 4 (11) | 16 (44) | 5 (23) | 25 (27) | .005† |
| • Prescription opioids | 4 (11) | 2 (6) | 3 (14) | 9 (10) | .560 |