Official residency guidelines for pediatric training of family practice residents focus on the number of months of block time on pediatric rotations and the percentage of pediatric patients in the resident's model practice. These guidelines do not ensure competence in pediatrics. Family practice residencies need a competency-based curriculum derived from actual pediatric experience in family practice. Such a curriculum should define specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes required, define the family physician's role in handling each issue or condition, be used on a daily basis, and form a basis for evaluation of residents and curriculum. This paper describes the development and implementation of such a pediatric core curriculum at the University of Colorado Family Practice Residency.