Using EMR data to evaluate a physician-developed lifestyle plan for obese patients in primary care

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Figure 1.
Lifestyle intervention card for patients

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of patients in the year before the intervention (2007)

CHARACTERISTIC	CONTROL GROUP (N = 365)	INTERVENTION GROUP (N = 68)
Male sex, n (%)	177 (48.5)	47 (69.1)
Mean (SD) age, y	56.4 (12.7)	59.0 (12.8)
Ethnicity recorded, n (%)	105 (28.8)	9 (13.2)
Median (IQR) weight, kg	97.3 (18.2)	101.7 (18.6)
Median (IQR) body mass index, kg/m²	33.1 (5.3)	33.2 (5.5)
Mean (SD) systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	132.6 (11.2)	135.0 (11.6)
Mean (SD) diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg	79.8 (7.4)	80.8 (7.0)
Median (IQR) HbA_1c level, %	6.4 (1.2)	6.4 (1.0)
Complex care plan, n (%)	110 (30.1)	51 (75.0)
Depression, n (%)	90 (24.7)	12 (17.6)
Hypertension, n (%)	211 (57.8)	45 (66.2)
Hyperlipidemia, n (%)	99 (27.1)	9 (13.2)
Sleep apnea, n (%)	30 (8.2)	4 (5.9)

Table 2.

Weight change from baseline (2007) to the end of the analysis period (2012) by age group and sex

CHARACTERISTIC	CONTROL GROUP			INTERVENTION GROUP			P VALUE

	N	*MEAN CHANGE,^ kG**	95% CI	N	*MEAN CHANGE,^ kG**	95% CI
Men
• All ages	177	0.26	−0.67 to 1.20	47	−0.50	−2.29 to 1.28	.45
• 18–34 y	8	8.46	0.09 to 16.83	2	5.17	−5.30 to 15.66	.67
• 35–64 y	116	0.03	−1.16 to 1.21	29	0.74	−1.89 to 3.38	.60
• ≥ 65 y	53	−0.45	−1.60 to 0.69	16	−3.47	−4.83 to −2.12	.008^†
Women
• All ages	188	−1.77	−2.82 to −0.71	21	−1.48	−3.99 to 1.03	.87
• 18–34 y	9	2.21	−4.18 to 8.59	1	2.80	NA	NA
• 35–64 y	129	−1.59	−2.97 to −0.21	13	−0.94	−4.56 to 2.68	.77
• ≥ 65 y	50	−2.93	−4.38 to −1.48	7	−3.11	−7.54 to 1.32	.93
Both sexes, all ages	365	−0.78	−1.49 to −0.07	68	−0.81	−2.23 to 0.62	.98

NA—not applicable.
↵* Positive mean change values indicate weight gain; negative mean change values indicate weight loss.
↵† Statistically significant.

Table 3.

Change scores for secondary outcomes from baseline (2007) to the end of the analysis period (2012)

CHARACTERISTIC	CONTROL GROUP			INTERVENTION GROUP			P VALUE

	N	MEAN CHANGE^*	95% CI	N	MEAN CHANGE^*	95% CI
Body mass index, kg/m²	309	0.15	−0.13 to 0.43	53	−0.06	−0.65 to 0.53	.55
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	364	−0.41	−1.41 to 0.58	67	−4.51	−7.13 to −1.89	.002^†
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg	364	−1.45	−2.01 to −0.81	67	−3.12	−4.69 to −1.56	.04^†
HbA_1c level, %	92	0.11	−0.07 to 0.28	25	−0.06	−0.40 to 0.27	.36

HbA_1c—glycated hemoglobin A_1c.
↵* Positive mean change values indicate an increase; negative mean change values indicate reduction.
↵† Statistically significant for unadjusted data.