Provider- and patient-related determinants of diabetes self-management among recent immigrants: Implications for systemic change

Article Figures & Data

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics of the study population of recent immigrants: N = 130.

CHARACTERISTICS	VALUE
Mean age, y	51.2
Male sex, %	45.0
Married marital status, %	89.2
Employment, %
• Employed full time or part time	34.0
• Unemployed, looking for work	18.0
• Unemployed, not looking for work	48.0
Highest level of education, %
• Less than high school	33.3
• High school or college	14.7
• University or higher	52.0
Financial barriers, %
• Not enough money to manage diabetes	30.8
• Costs of diabetes management not covered by insurance	48.5
Mean score on the quality of provider-patient interaction scale	3.89
Quality of provider-patient interaction, %
• 1 (Worst)	2.7
• 2	19.4
• 3	22.5
• 4	25.2
• 5 (Best)	30.2
Overweight or obese, %	19.7
Diabetes comorbidity, %
• No additional problems	34.6
• 1 problem	20.0
• ≥ 2 problems	45.4
Mean stress score	2.5
Total diabetes self-management practices followed, %
• 1 practice	2.3
• 2 practices	9.2
• 3 practices	23.1
• 4 practices	35.4
• All practices	30.0
Mean diabetes self-management score	3.8

Table 2.

Univariate predictors of diabetes self-management

VARIABLE	P VALUE
Age	.0770
Sex	.0826
Marital status	.3464
Employment	.1627
Highest level of education	.0028
Financial barriers
• Not enough money to manage diabetes	.0493
• Costs of diabetes management not covered by insurance	.3167
Quality of provider-patient interaction	.0026
Stress (mean)	.0602
Obesity	.5114
Comorbidity	.1328

Table 3.

Initial multivariate model for associations with diabetes self-management

VARIABLE	P VALUE
Age	.0709
Sex	.1153
Highest level of education	.7737
Employment	.8440
Financial barriers
• Not enough money to manage diabetes	.0096
• Costs of diabetes management not covered by insurance	.3899
Quality of provider-patient interaction	.0004
Stress	.1890
Comorbidity	.8505