Characteristics | | | | | | | |
• Age, y, mean (SD) | 669 | 19.8 (15.8) | 373 | 19.4 (16.1) | 296 | 20.4 (15.4) | t = 0.82, P = .42 |
• Sex, % male | 669 | NA | 373 | 55.8 | 296 | 44.2 | z = 3, P < .003 |
• Education,* mean (IQR) | 168 | 2.8 (2-4) | 92 | 2.9 (2-3) | 76 | 2.7 (2-4) | P < .001† |
Primary outcomes, % (95% CI) | | | | | | | |
• G6PD deficiency | 528 | 1.3 (0.5-2.1) | 297 | 2.0 (0.7-3.3) | 231 | 0.4 (0.00-2.4) | P =.14* |
• Anemia | 618 | 20.6 (17.4-24.0) | 344 | 14.2 (10.7-18.4) | 274 | 28.5 (23.2-34.2) | χ2 = 18.0, P < .001 |
• HBV surface antigen | 582 | 0.9 (0.0-2.0) | 324 | 1.5 (0.5-3.6) | 258 | 0.0 (0.0-1.4) | χ2 = 2.4, P = .12 |
• HCV antibody | 612 | 0.7 (0.0-1.4) | 337 | 1.2 (0.3-3.0) | 275 | 0.0 (0.0-0.1) | χ2 = 1.7, P = .19 |
Secondary outcomes, % (95% CI) |
• Tobacco use§ | 239 | 39.3 (33.1-45.8) | 136 | 60.3 (51.6-68.6) | 103 | 11.7 (6.2-19.5) | χ2 = 56.1, P < .001 |
• Alcohol use§ | 218 | 3.7 (1.6-7.0) | 120 | 5.0 (1.9-10.6) | 98 | 2.0 (0.2-7.2) | P = .30‡ |
• Drug or substance use§ | 203 | 0.5 (0.0-1.7) | 113 | 0.8 (0.0-4.8) | 90 | 0.0 (0.0-4.0) | NA |