RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Fusobacterium infections in children JF Canadian Family Physician JO Can Fam Physician FD The College of Family Physicians of Canada SP 813 OP 814 VO 62 IS 10 A1 Karen Arane A1 Ran D. Goldman YR 2016 UL http://www.cfp.ca/content/62/10/813.abstract AB Question A 2-year-old patient in my practice with acute otitis media that has progressed to mastoiditis with a high fever returns with positive culture results for Fusobacterium. What should I do next?Answer Fusobacterium is a genus of anaerobic bacteria. Although Fusobacterium infections are rare, they can become severe if not treated promptly. Appropriate treatment is combination antibiotic therapy consisting of a β-lactam (penicillin, cephalosporin) and an anaerobic antimicrobial agent (metronidazole, clindamycin). At times surgical involvement is required for mastoiditis such as drainage of abscesses or insertion of a ventilation tube. Delayed treatment of an infection caused by Fusobacterium can lead to serious complications, including Lemierre syndrome. Children should be seen in a hospital for close monitoring.