RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Opioid use disorder and type 2 diabetes mellitus JF Canadian Family Physician JO Can Fam Physician FD The College of Family Physicians of Canada SP e350 OP e354 VO 63 IS 7 A1 Tilbrook, Devon A1 Jacob, Jeffrey A1 Parsons, Pierre A1 Edwards, Craig A1 Loewen, Kassandra A1 Kelly, Len YR 2017 UL http://www.cfp.ca/content/63/7/e350.abstract AB Objective To measure the effect of buprenorphine-naloxone as opioid substitution therapy on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and opioid use disorder.Design Retrospective cohort study and secondary data analysis.Setting Northwestern Ontario.Participants Patients with diabetes receiving opioid substitution therapy, as well as patients with diabetes only, who live in 6 remote First Nations communities.Main outcome measures Glycated hemoglobin A1c values during a 2-year time period in the 2 groups.Results Over a 2-year period, there was an absolute decrease of 1.20% in mean glycated hemoglobin A1c values in patients with diabetes who also received opioid substitution therapy, compared with patients with diabetes who were not being treated for opioid dependence, whose values rose by 0.02%.Conclusion Patients with diabetes who also suffer from opioid use disorder achieve significant (P = .011) improvement in glycemic control when treated with buprenorphine-naloxone substitution therapy compared with other patients with diabetes. Treating opioid use disorder with buprenorphine-naloxone substitution therapy has an unintended positive effect on diabetes management.