RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 First Nations hepatitis C virus infections JF Canadian Family Physician JO Can Fam Physician FD The College of Family Physicians of Canada SP e488 OP e494 VO 63 IS 11 A1 Janet Gordon A1 Natalie Bocking A1 Kathy Pouteau A1 Terri Farrell A1 Gareth Ryan A1 Len Kelly YR 2017 UL http://www.cfp.ca/content/63/11/e488.abstract AB Objective To document rates of newly reported hepatitis C virus (HCV) cases from 2010 to 2015 in remote First Nations communities.Design Retrospective analysis of aggregate data of newly reported HCV antibody-positive (Ab+) cases.Setting Northwestern Ontario.Participants A total of 31 First Nations communities (an on-reserve population of 20 901) supported in health care by the Sioux Lookout First Nations Health Authority.Main outcome measures The aggregate characteristic data included year of notification, age range, and sex for a 6-year period (2010 to 2015).Results There were 267 HCV Ab+ cases in the 6-year study period. The incidence in 2015 was 324.2 per 100 000 population. This is 11 times the rate for all of Ontario. The most common associated risk factor was sharing of intravenous drug use equipment. Women made up 52% of patients with newly reported HCV Ab+ cases. More than 45% of cases were in patients between 20 and 29 years of age.Conclusion This high burden of newly reported HCV Ab+ cases in geographically remote First Nations communities is concerning, and prevention and treatment resources are needed. This burden of disease might pose more urgent health and social challenges than can be generalized from the experience of the rest of Canada.