CLINICAL MEASURES | WHO CRITERIA,18 1998 | REVISED ATP III CRITERIA,19 2005 | IDF CRITERIA,20 2005 |
---|---|---|---|
Insulin resistance | IGT, IFG, T2DM, or lowered insulin sensitivity* plus meeting the criteria for any 2 of the other clinical measures | None, but any 3 of the criteria for the other clinical measures | None |
Anthropometrics | BMI >30 kg/m2 or waist-to-hip ratio > 0.90 (men), > 0.85 (women) | WC > 102 cm (men), > 88 cm (women)† | Increased WC: Europids > 94 cm (men), >80 cm (women); Asians > 90 (men), > 80 (women); and any 2 of the criteria for the other clinical measures |
Lipid profile | TG > 1.7 mmol/L or HDL-C < 0.9 mmol/L (men), < 1.0 mmol/L (women) | TG > 1.7 mmol/L or HDL-C < 1.0 mmol/L (men), < 1.3 mmol/L (women) | TG > 1.7 mmol/L; HDL-C < 1.0 mmol/L (men), < 1.3 mmol/L (women); or medication for HDL or TG |
Blood pressure | > 140/90 mm Hg | > 130/85 mm Hg | > 130 mm Hg systolic, > 85 mm Hg diastolic, or taking medication for hypertension |
Glucose | IGT, IFG, or T2DM | > 5.6 mmol/L (includes diabetes) | > 5.6 mmol/L (includes diabetes) |
ATP—Adult Treatment Panel, BMI—body mass index, HDL-C—high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, IDF—International Diabetes Federation, IFG—impaired fasting glucose, IGT—impaired glucose tolerance, T2DM—type 2 diabetes mellitus, TG—triglyceride, WC—waist circumference, WHO—World Health Organization.
↵* Insulin sensitivity measured under hyperinsulinemic euglycemic conditions; glucose uptake below lowest quartile for background population under investigation.
↵† Some American adults of non-Asian origin (eg, white, black, Hispanic) with marginally increased WC (eg, 94–101 cm in men and 80–87 cm in women) might have a strong genetic contribution to insulin resistance and should benefit from lifestyle changes, similar to men with categorical increases in WC. Lower WC cutoffs (eg, 90 cm in men and 80 cm in women) appear to be appropriate for Asian Americans.