Health effects of air pollution
| EXPOSURE | SYSTEM AFFECTED | HEALTH EFFECTS | STUDY |
|---|---|---|---|
| Short term | Cardiovascular | Increased rates of myocardial infarction and ischemia in those at risk | Bhaskaran et al,3 2009 Pope et al,4 2006 Szyszkowicz,5 2009 Brook et al,6 2010 |
| Exacerbation of cardiac failure | Brook,7 2008 Goldberg et al,8 2009 Medina-Ramón et al,9 2008 Pope et al,10 2008 | ||
| Increased incidence of arrhythmia | Pope et al,11 2004 | ||
| Increased incidence of deep vein thrombosis | Pope,12 2009 Baccarelli et al,13 2009 | ||
| Increased incidence of stroke | Lokken et al,14 2009 | ||
| Respiratory | Increased wheeze | Clark et al,15 2010 | |
| Exacerbation of asthma | Delfino et al,16 2009 Holguin,17 2008 O’Connor et al,18 2008 McCreanor et al,19 2007 | ||
| Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Halonen et al,20 2008 Sint et al,21 2008 Zanobetti et al,22 2008 | ||
| Bronchiolitis and other respiratory infections | Karr et al,23 2009 Ségala et al,24 2008 | ||
| Increased emergency department visits | Stieb et al,25 2009 | ||
| Long term | General | Increased mortality | Krewski et al,26 2009 Pope et al,27 2009 |
| Cardiovascular | Increased myocardial infarction | Rosenlund et al,28 2009 Tonne et al,29 2009 | |
| Accelerated development of atherosclerosis | Brook et al,6 2010 HEI Panel on the Health Effects of Traffic-Related Air Pollution,30 2010 | ||
| Increased blood coagulability | Pope,12 2009 Liu et al,31 2009 | ||
| Increase in systemic inflammatory markers | Simkhovich et al,32 2008 | ||
| Respiratory | Increased incidence of pneumonia | Neupane et al,33 2010 | |
| Increased incidence of lung cancer | Laden et al,34 2006 | ||
| Impaired lung development in children | Gauderman et al,35 2004 | ||
| Development of new asthma | Clark et al,15 2010 Jerrett et al,36 2008 Künzli et al,37 2009 Lindgren et al,38 2009 Dell et al,39 2008 | ||
| Reproductive | Increased incidence of preterm birth | Wu et al,40 2009 Stillerman et al,412008 Brauer et al,42 2008 | |
| Increased incidence of low birth weight | Salam,43 2008 | ||