Selected sociodemographic characteristics and health expenditures in Canada and Brazil
| CHARACTERISTICS | CANADA | BRAZIL | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VALUES | SOURCE, YEAR | VALUES | SOURCE, YEAR | |
| Basic demographic characteristics | ||||
| Population (inhabitants) | 36 286 425 | UN DESA, 201614 | 206 081 432 | UN DESA, 201614 |
| Distribution, % | ||||
| • Urban | 81 | UN DESA, 201114 | 86 | UN DESA, 201614 |
| • Rural | 19 | UN DESA, 201114 | 14 | UN DESA, 201614 |
| Geographic area, km2 | 9 093 507 | UN DESA, 201114 | 8 515 767 | UN DESA, 201614 |
| Demographic density, inhabitants/km2 | 4 | UN DESA, 201114 | 24 | UN DESA, 201614 |
| Most populous cities | ||||
| • 1 | Toronto: 2 876 095 | UN DESA, 201614 | São Paulo: 12 038175 | UN DESA, 201614 |
| • 2 | Montreal: 1 763 288 | UN DESA, 201614 | Rio de Janeiro: 6 498837 | UN DESA, 201614 |
| • 3 | Calgary: 1 318 817 | UN DESA, 201614 | Brasília: 2 977 216 | UN DESA, 201614 |
| • 4 | Ottawa: 973 481 | UN DESA, 201614 | Salvador: 2 938 092 | UN DESA, 201614 |
| Demographic indicators | ||||
| Life expectancy at birth, y | 82 | World Bank, 201615 | 76 | World Bank, 201616 |
| Infant mortality rate per 1000 births | 4 | World Bank, 201615 | 14 | World Bank, 201616 |
| Maternal mortality rate per 100 000 live births | 7 | World Bank, 201615 | 44 | World Bank, 201616 |
| Total fertility rate (anticipated births/woman) | 1.6 | World Bank, 201615 | 1.7 | World Bank, 201616 |
| Net migration rate* per 1000 population | 33.84 | World Bank, 201015 | 0.08 | World Bank, 201016 |
| Proportion of population ≥ 65 y | 17 | World Bank, 201015 | 8 | World Bank, 201016 |
| GDP, $ (US) | 1.5 trillion | World Bank, 201615 | 1.8 trillion | World Bank, 201616 |
| Health expenditures | ||||
| Per capita, $ (US) | 5093 | CIHI, 201717 | 1121 | World Bank, 201118 |
| As a percentage of GDP | 11.5 | CIHI, 201717 | 9 | World Bank, 201118 |
| Public sources, % of total | 70 | CIHI, 201717 | 46 | World Bank, 201118 |
| Private insurance, % of total | 12 | CIHI, 201717 | 31 | World Bank, 201118 |
| Out-of-pocket, % of total | 15 | CIHI, 201717 | 22 | World Bank, 201118 |
| Other sources, % of total | 3 | CIHI, 201717 | 0 | World Bank, 201118 |
CIHI—Canadian Institute for Health Information, GDP—gross domestic product, UN DESA—United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
↵* The net migration rate is defined as the number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants over a specified period, divided by the person-years lived by the population of the receiving country over that period. It is expressed as average annual net number of migrants per 1000 population.