Clinical studyCalcium and vitamin D supplements reduce tooth loss in the elderly☆
Section snippets
Subjects and methods
Information on tooth loss and oral health status was obtained from 145 subjects who completed a 3-year, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone loss from the hip (11), as well as a 2-year follow-up study during which study supplements were discontinued (21). Collection of dental information was added to the protocol after the randomized trial began (see Figure for the time line of dental data collection in reference to
Randomized controlled trial
The 62 men and 83 women were a mean (± SD) of 71 ± 5 years of age and had 22 ± 7 teeth remaining at the 6-month examination (Table 1).
During the randomized trial, 17 of the 63 subjects (27%) in the placebo group and 11 of the 82 subjects (13%) in the supplemented group lost one or more teeth. Results of the stepwise logistic regression analysis indicated that only supplement status was significantly associated with the odds of tooth loss during the randomized trial (OR = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2 to
Discussion
Our results support a relation between calcium and vitamin D intake and the risk of tooth loss. During the randomized trial and follow-up period, average calcium and vitamin D levels in the higher intake groups approximated the dietary reference intake values for adults in the United States, which are 1000 to 1200 mg of calcium and 400 to 600 IU of vitamin D (24). Confirmation of our results would suggest that maintenance of the recommended calcium and vitamin D intakes will have a beneficial
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Supported by Grant AG10353 from the National Institutes of Health and by an agreement (58-1950-001) with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Dr. Garcia is supported by Grant K24 DE00419 from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. He was a Career Development Awardee from the Health Services Research and Development Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs.