The authors describe a study that was designed to explore the current role of family practice/primary health care (FP/PHC) nurses in Nova Scotia. A survey was created and mailed to FP/PHC nurses. Forty-one returned surveys met the criteria of the study. Twenty-two of these nurses were contacted for a followup telephone interview. The findings confirm that FP/PHC nurses working in N.S. are key members of the collaborative health-care team and, although they are often underutilized, they perform key functions such as triage, health education and immunization. Most FP/PHC nurses are underpaid and often work with little or no job security. FP/PHC nurses indicated that they are isolated in their practice and could benefit from networking and educational opportunities with their peers. They are frustrated that they cannot bill the provincial medical insurance plan for basic nursing services. The study results indicate a need to better define scope of practice and highlight the need for leadership and support for the role of FP/PHC nurses in N.S.