Attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a commonly occurring, heritable neurobehavioral disorder distributed worldwide that does not typically resolve after childhood. The significant impact of ADHD on an individual's family, relationships, educational performance, and performance at work is now well established. Medical treatment of ADHD is effective, not only alleviating symptoms but also improving overall functioning. It is imperative that primary care physicians be well versed in this disorder and its clinical features across the age groups. The primary care physician should be able to screen, diagnose, educate, and initiate medication management in patients with uncomplicated ADHD.