The formation of the Isthmus of Panama stands as one of the greatest natural events of the
Cenozoic, driving profound biotic transformations on land and in the oceans. Some recent …

… Climate change has occurred repeatedly throughout Earth’s history, but the recent rate of
warming far exceeds that of any previous warming episode in the past 10,000 years (1, 2) and …

… -S.1 -a and dissolved sulphide (DS) levels of 1000 mg S.1-1. With acetate-fed filters, hydrogen
sulphide levels in excess of 125 mg S.1-1 caused no inhibition and DS levels of 400 mg S.…

Understanding ancient climate changes is hampered by the inability to disentangle trends
in ocean temperature from trends in continental ice volume. We used carbonate “clumped” …

In the coming century, life in the ocean will be confronted with a suite of environmental
conditions that have no analog in human history. Thus, there is an urgent need to determine …

… For example, if a goal of the RE programme is to improve the individual’s ability to rise
from a chair, then exercises that target the muscle groups and the specific movement patterns …

The maximum size of organisms has increased enormously since the initial appearance of
life >3.5 billion years ago (Gya), but the pattern and timing of this size increase is poorly …

… reported that EDTA enhances the use of a photodynamic agent against S. aureus biofilms,
with EDTA reported to act as a sequester of Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ from the EPS of the biofilm. In a …

… at a given value of the explanatory variable(s). The logistic function is widely used because
… variable(s) and a linear relationship between the logit and the explanatory variable(s) (45). …

Background Interventions for preventing falls in older people often involve several components,
multidisciplinary teams, and implementation in a variety of settings. We have developed …